The physical parameters for the metallic effect, which influence the ratio between reflection and scattering and thereby the flop effect, the lightness and brightness, the brilliance and sparkle, the gloss and the distinctiveness of image (DOI) etc. etc. can simply be described in terms of particle size, particle shape (morphology), particle size distribution and particle orientation in the film
Particle Size
The influence of particle size is rather clear: the coarser the particles, the more reflection, and the finer the particles, the more scattering. Coarse particles cause the so-called “high sparkle effect”.