Much smaller quantities of thermosetting emulsions are used compared with either thermosetting solution polymers or thermoplastic emulsions. This is because one of the big advantages of emulsion resins of a very high molecular weight is of much less importance for thermosetting systems, where molecular weights are increased by crosslinking. However, emulsion resins having functional groups are commercially available. They are made by conventional emulsion resin techniques and their chemistry is as described in the section on thermosetting solutions.
The functional groups of some of the thermosetting emulsions can cause instability of the latex, either during processing or in the final product. High levels of bit formation are not uncommon in preparing thermoset latices.