The paint plants of large automotive manufacturers have been a cause of solvent pollution in the major industrialised countries. Control regulations governing the level of emissions from industrial premises which are coming into force in many countries have given direction to the development in automotive finishing of low V. O.C. coatings.
The move from thermoplastic topcoats (NC or TPA’s) was a big step forward in reducing solvent levels. Typically, the volume solids content at spray application viscosity for a thermoplastic acrylic is less than 15%. This means that if one used 10 kgs of a thermoplastic topcoat lacquer at spraying viscosity to coat a car 8.5 kgs of solvent will be released to the atmosphere. In the U. S., one objective has been to reduce solvent emissions resulting from the application of a topcoat down to 1.6 kg per vehicle. With standard thermoset acrylics it is possible to more than double the volume solids at application, thus halving the solvent emission.