20 августа, 2015 
Pokraskin The most important areas of use of pigments are paints, varnishes, plastics, artists’ colors, printing inks for paper and textiles, leather decoration, building materials (cement, renderings, concrete bricks and tiles, mostly based on iron oxide and chromium oxide pigments), imitation leather, floor coverings, rubber, paper, cosmetics, ceramic glazes, and enamels.
The paint industry uses high-quality pigments almost exclusively. An optimal, uniform particle size is important because it influences gloss, hiding power, tinting strength, and lightening power. Paint films must not be too thick; therefore pigments with good tinting strength and hiding power combined with optimum dispersing properties are needed.
White pigments are used not only for white coloring and covering, but also for reducing (lightening) colored and black pigments. They must have a minimal intrinsic color tone.
When choosing a pigment for a particular application, several points normally have to be considered. The coloring properties (e. g., color, tinting strength or lightening power, hiding power, see Section 1.3) are important in determining application efficiency and hence economics. The following properties are also important:
1. General chemical and physical properties: chemical composition, moisture and salt content, content of water-soluble and acid-soluble matter, particle size, density, and hardness (see Section 1.2).
2. Stability properties: resistance toward light, weather, heat, and chemicals, anticorrosive properties, retention of gloss (see Section 1.4).
3. Behavior in binders: interaction with the binder properties, dispersibility, special properties in certain binders, compatibility, and solidifying effect (see Section 1.5).
Important pigment properties and the methods for determining them are described later.
1.1.3
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