Iron Oxide Pigments

The continually increasing importance of iron oxide pigments is based on their non­toxicity, chemical stability, wide variety of colors ranging from yellow, orange, red, brown, to black, and good performance/price ratio. Natural and synthetic iron oxide pigments consist of well-defined compounds with known crystal structures (Table 3.1) [3.1, 3.2].

Nevertheless the inconsistency of the CAS-Numbers cannot be explained, but must be taken into consideration. Regulatory orders are using these figures concurrently! Mixed metal oxide pigments containing iron oxide are also used (see Section 3.1.3.). Magnetic iron oxide pigments are discussed in Section 5.1. Transparent iron oxide pigments are described in detail in Section 5.4.1. Methods of analysis and specifica­tions of iron oxide pigments are listed in the standards given in Table 1.1.

Industrial Inorganic Pigments. Edited by G. Buxbaum and G. Pfaff Copyright © 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim ISBN: 3-527-30363-4

Tab. 3.1: I ron oxides used as pigments.

Formula

Synonym

CAS-No.

Structure

Properties

a-FeOOH

goethite

C. I. Pigment Yellow 42

1310-14-1

20344-49-1

20344-49-4

51274-00-1

diaspore

color changes with increasing particle size from green — yellow to brown — yellow

Y-FeOOH

lepidocrocite

12022-37-6

boehmite

color changes with increasing particle size from yellow to orange

a-Fe2O3

hematite

C. I. Pigment Red 101

1317-60-8

1317-63-1

1309-37-1

corundum

color changes with increasing particle size from light red to dark violet

Y-Fe2O3

maghemite

12134-66-6

ordered

spinel

ferrimagnetic color: brown

Fe3O4

magnetite

C. I. Pigment Black 11

1317-61-9

1309-38-2

12227-89-3

spinel

ferrimagnetic color: black

“Iron Oxide”

unspecified

1332-37-2

unspecified

low value products

3.1.1.1

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