31 августа, 2015 
Pokraskin Since the 1950s, cadmium pigments have been used predominantly in the polymer industry. Regulations have, however, been introduced for some time to restrict their use in certain applications, because of concerns about the presence of cadmium in the environment. Pigment producers and users have always advocated strongly that pigments should be treated differently in environmental matters as compared with such products as electroplated cadmium, cadmium stabilizers for polymers, and other cadmium salts, on grounds of insolubility, inertness, low migration levels, and lack of bioavailability. At this time, no other substitute pigment is known to have been assessed for environmental risk to the same degree as cadmiums. However, arbitrary restrictions in some applications have already taken place where it has been decided that alternatives should be used. For example, Sweden and Denmark placed restrictions on the use of cadmium
pigments in 1982. Next, the EU in 1992 issued a directive based on the “Precautionary Principle” (91/338/EEC), that included a list of polymers in which cadmium is to be excluded as a colorant. In 1995, this list was further extended. Since then, realizing its lack of credible scientific evidence, the EU commissioned an independent consultant to conduct a risk assessment from “cradle to grave” on the health and environmental effects of cadmium pigments. The report concluded that for the entire pigment life cycle, emissions of cadmium are negligible compared to emissions from all known sources and pose no significant risk to human health or the environment [6].
Today, many different regions throughout the world have their own restrictions, classifications and labeling requirements for cadmium pigments.
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