This theory postulates that a primary mechanism by which silane coupling agents improve initial and wet adhesion is by reaction with the oxide surface on a metal to increase the cohesive strength of the oxide [23] and certainly, in the case of aluminum oxide, increase the wet strength of the oxide by inhibiting hydration of the oxide [24]. This has the effect of causing any failure to occur in the new weakest layer (i. e., the adhesive or coating). This may also explain, in part, the differences in bond strength achieved with different coupling agents and different metals, as it may be the nature of the oxide film and the degree of reinforcement that varies rather than any intrinsic property of a particular metal-adhesion promoter combination.
It seems unlikely that any single theory can explain the mechanism of adhesion promotion for such diverse systems as particulate — and fiber-filled composites, surface
coatings, and adhesives applied to the complete range of metallic and other mineral substrates. Plueddemann opines that all theories of adhesion describe factors that are involved in bonding through silane coupling agents [16], and this view is likely to apply generally to the entire field of adhesion promotion.