BASIC FORMULATIONS

As mentioned in the processing section, silicone sealants and adhesives generally contain polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer, cross-linkers, fillers, catalysts, and other addi­tives. These additives may be pigments, plasticizers (often unreactive PDMS polymers), and adhesion additives (such as silane coupling agents). Given below are simple formula­tions and properties (Table 2) for oxime-cured silicone sealants [8]. In these examples, the use of a nonreactive silicone plasticizer and a nonreinforcing carbonate filler results in substantial modulus reduction. This approach can also be used to modify the physical properties of silicones based on other cure chemistries. Low-modulus sealants are often used in sealant applications requiring high movement capability. High-modulus sealants are used more in structural and adhesive applications.

A. High-Modulus Oxime Sealant

Percent by weight

Hydroxyl-ended PDMS polymer 80-85

Fumed silica 5-10

Oxime cross-linker 5-7

Sn(IV) catalyst 0.05-0.10

B. Medium-Modulus Oxime Sealant

Percent by weight

Hydroxyl-ended PDMS polymer

60-80

Silicone plasticizer

5-20

Fumed silica

2-6

Calcium carbonate

20-30

Oxime cross-linker

5-7

Sn(IV) catalyst

0.05-0.10

Table 2 Properties of Oxime-Cured Silicone Sealants

Sealant

Property

High modulus

Medium Modulus

Tack-free time (min)

20-30

30-60

Durometer (Shore A)

25-35

20-30

Tensile strength (MPa)

1.2-2.1

0.9-1.4

Elongation (%)

200-400

400-700

100% Modulus (MPa)

0.5-0.9

0.35-0.5

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