24 июля, 2015 
Malyar Charles L. Pearson
Swift Adhesives Division, Reichhold Chemicals, Inc., Downers Grove, Illinois, U. S.A.
Animal glues have been used for thousands of years in traditional adhesive and sizing applications. In later times, they also found uses as protective colloids, flocculants, coatings, in composition, and as a component of compounded adhesives. The earliest known use of animal glue, for veneering, dates to the period 1500-2000 b. c. in ancient Egypt and has been referred to in literature from biblical times. Commercial manufacture dates back to about a. d. 1690 in England and Holland. Numerous patents relating to the manufacture of animal glues were issued during the period 1754-1844. The first manufacture of animal glue in the United States was early in the nineteenth century [1].
Until 1940, natural materials, including animal glues, were the only adhesive materials available. Animal glues were the adhesives of choice for such uses as woodworking, paper manufacture and converting, bookbinding, textile sizing, abrasives, gummed tape, matches, and a variety of other applications. The acceptance of animal glues as adhesives is based on their unique ability to deposit a viscous, tacky film from a hot aqueous solution, which forms a firm gel while cooling, and provides an immediate, strong, initial bond. Subsequent drying provides the final bond of high strength and resiliency. Ease of preparation, high tack, fast set, ready application, and good machining properties, even in high-speed operations, are characteristics of importance.
After introduction of emulsion-based adhesives, and later hot melts, animal glues were displaced in part or completely from their traditional uses, but they have retained a relatively small but significant share of the adhesive market due to their unique properties. It is estimated that U. S. consumption of animal glues is in the range 30 to 35 million pounds, and production worldwide is about 90 million pounds annually (W. E. Blair, Swift Adhesives, private survey, 1992).
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