Лако-красочные материалы — производство

Carbon blacks (C. I. Pigment Black 6 and 7) dominate the market for black pigments, providing an outstanding range of properties at low cost and finding wide use in all the usual pigment applications. One of the most important applications for carbon black pigments is in rubber where, as well as providing the colour, they fulfil a vital role as reinforcing agents. Although carbon black is virtually always classified as an inor­ganic pigment, there is considerable justification for classifying the prod­uct amongst the high-performance organic pigments. For example, the nature of the bonding in carbon black is organic in nature, whilst many of its properties, especially the high absorption coefficient, are arguably more closely related to those of organic than of inorganic pigments. Carbon blacks have been described as having an imperfect graphite-like structure consisting of layers of large sheets of carbon atoms in six — membered rings which are parallel but further apart than in graphite, and arranged irregularly.

Carbon blacks are manufactured from hydrocarbon feedstocks by partial combustion or thermal decomposition in the gas phase at high temperatures. World production is today dominated by a continuous furnace black process, which involves the treatment of viscous residual oil hydrocarbons that contain a high proportion of aromatics with a restric­ted amount of air at temperatures of 1400-1600 °C.