Лако-красочные материалы — производство

The sixteenth and seventeenth centuries saw an explosion in world exploration. It had been preceeded by the Italian Colombus’s voyages Table 2.1 Alchemists of history Date Provenance Alchemist or related profession Major work -1550BC Egypt Maria Prophetessa Development of chemical apparatus ~ 1550bc Egypt Hermes Trismegitus The Emerald Tablet ~384-322bc Greece Aristotle Secretum Secretorum ~ […]

In a perverse way, the Black Death of 1347-1351 and subsequent pandemics were huge catalysts to the growth in usage of aromatic products, which had already shown signs of flourishing from Eastern alchemical practice. Plague was believed to be caught by breathing foul air. Dead bodies lying in the street gave off the odour of […]

Whilst Crusaders became the implacable foes of Islam in the Holy Land throughout the eleventh and twelfth centuries, they admired many of the material possessions of Muslims, and brought back to their dank, dark and gloomy castles in Europe wall hangings, carpets, spices, eating forks, glass vessels and fragrances. Empress Zoe, in the Christian stronghold […]

The first professional perfumers (unguentarii) plied their trade in Capua, which became a trading centre of the industry. Perfume was used in abundance at the Games, both as a present for the crowds, and as a mask for the malodours of a bloodstained and offal-dappled arena. It is estimated that in the first century ad […]

In Exodus, God gives Moses instructions for a holy perfume for himself, and a different one for his priests, whilst the Queen of Sheba’s visit to Solomon was motivated by her wish to keep open the trade routes of the Arabian peninsula, her source of frankincense and myrrh, through Palestine to Egypt and Mesopotamia. The […]

Early records detail King Sahure’s trip to the fabled land of Punt, believed to be modern day Somalia or Ethiopia, around 2400bc, bringing back, amongst other riches, 8000 measures of myrrh. Temple pictographs dated around 1500bc detail Queen Hatshephut’s journey to Punt, which had the objective of bringing back frankincense trees to replant in Egypt. […]

In prehistoric times, the hunter-gatherer tribes, in their explorations of nature, found many wonderful substances of extensive use in everyday living. Animal products in great variety, by-products of the hunt, were employed for clothing, shelter and tools, as well as for food. Similarly, the collection of herbs, spices and grasses unearthed familiar and fragrant compounds […]

DAVID PYBUS In chemistry also, we are now conscious of the continuity of man’s intellectual effort; no longer does the current generation view the work of its forerunners with a disdainful lack of appreciation; andfar from claiming infallibility, each successive age recognizes the duty of developing its heritage from the past. August Kekule von Stradonitz […]

DAVID PYBUS Perfume comes in crystal bottles. Fact? Well, only partly. Personal perfume comes in crystal bottles. Tiny and elaborate, they are the modern expression of an ancient craft and precious resource that remain very relevant to life today. Perfume has become an intrinsic part of our lives; it may wake us up, sooth and […]

Modern perfumery is a blend of art, science and technology. Chemistry is the central science involved and the modern perfumery company houses specialists in all branches of chemistry, from physical chemists through analysts and synthetic organic chemists to biochemists. Indeed, the spectrum of skills ranges right across into biological fields, such as toxicology and sensory […]