Solvatochromism

PPP calculations by Klessinger showed that the first excited state of indigo is more polar than the ground state, so that positive solvatochromism might be expected. This was in fact observed by Reichardt (see Table 2.1) [8].

Table 2.1

Absorption

maximum

of indigo

in various media

Medium

Steam

CCl4

Xylene

Ethanol

DMSO

Solid (KBr)

^max nm

540

588

591

610

620

660

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