Лако-красочные материалы — производство

8.4.1.1 The Molecular Structure of Wood The dry weight of wood is composed of 40-50% cellulose, 20-40% hemicellulose, 20-30% lignin and 2-7% extraneous materials including resins, fats, peptides, tanning substances and coloring matters. Depending on the species of wood, the site and the lumbering time, freshly cut wood will contains between 50 and 150% of […]

8.4.1 Introduction For various reasons, wood belongs to one of the most ancient and popular materials of mankind. With the exception of deserts, it is available everywhere and in abundance. Unlike metal or stone, wood is easily obtained and processed by means of machining technology. The life cycle analysis of wood and wood-based materials is […]

Steel structures in the building and construction industry are currently those with the greatest degree of prefabrication. The established joining technologies in structural steelwork find limitations in the joining of high-strength steel grades and lightweight constructions in terms ofconsistent load distribution, destruction of the basic material by boreholes and the durability of welded joints under […]

Reinforcement by bonding of laminates made from steel, fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) and especially carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP) are used for strength­ening concrete structures. Due to its excellent material properties, such as high fatigue resistance, high stiffness and high tensile strength, CFRP is used to influence the flexural stiffness and ductility, as well as to strengthen […]

Epoxy adhesives in anchoring have proven to be durable, to have a long shelflife, and to undergo little shrinkage during curing. By national standards, the epoxy resin is designated as component ‘A’ and the curing agent as ‘B’. Polyester adhesives for this type of application usually consist of a polyester resin and a catalyst, typically […]

The most common version of the capsule anchor consists of a cylindrical glass capsule containing a polymer resin, an accelerator and a mineral aggregate. The capsule is U n saturatedpolyester — Vinylester L Epoxy   Card ridgesystems   Polymer binder   Composite dowels   Injection systems   Figure 8.13 Classification of composite dowels. (According to […]

An adhesive anchor is a reinforcing bar or threaded rod inserted into a drilled hole in hardened concrete with a structural adhesive acting as a bonding agent between the concrete and the steel. Typically, the hole diameter is only about 10-25% larger than the diameter of the reinforcing bar or threaded rod. Structural adhesives for […]

For flooring, different types of solvent-based contact adhesives, dispersions and even PSAs are applied. Parquet is mainly bonded with three different types of adhesive, namely solvent — based synthetic resin adhesives, reactive resin adhesives and dispersion adhesives. In spite of ongoing efforts to reduce the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), solvent-containing synthetic resin adhesives […]

For flooring, the laying of tiles and carpeting, a wide array of different types of physically and chemically setting adhesives is available [14, 15]. 8.3.1.1 Adhesive Mortars for Tiling Approximately 90% of the adhesives used for tiling are cement-based adhesive mortars. These consist of cement as the main binder, and additives such as sand fillers, […]

For millennia, bonding has been a predominant and successful joining technique in building and construction purposes. Examples include mortars and grouts, which were used in Mesopotamia for the bonding of bricks and tiles (see Chapter 2). Examples of so-called ‘nonhydraulic’ binders include gypsum, Sorel’s cement, anhydrite and magnesia. Lime (and especially cement) are known as […]